Category Archives: Isaiah

Righteousness the Second Look

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In this post, I want to focus on a repeating theme and technique. The theme is dark to light, and I will call the technique “what is and what will be”. In Isaiah I have noticed several of these sections, especially in Chapters 1 – 4. I am sure there are others as usual have your Bible open.

“What is” gone is the righteous relationship the people had with their God, this cascades very quickly to a loss of right legal standing before God and the mistreating of people. 1:13 of Isaiah speaks of offerings and incense that mean nothing because they choose to do evil things (vs.16) and neglect the important things found in verse 17. Verse 21, again, states that justice and righteousness have been replaced with murderers. This first “what is” section goes from 1:1 to 1:23. I see the “what will be” starting in vs. 24 and going through 31 or possibly 2:5. For me, verses 1:26 and 27 are the core of this second part, when Jerusalem will be renamed the “City of Righteousness and the Faithful City”.

This thought is fenced in with vs.24 and what is labeled 2:1. At times it is easy to overlook the “declares, and the Lord says” parts of the text because they may not fall at the beginning of a chapter. These declarations and introductions were added by the Holy Spirit to indicate units of thought from the Father and how they were given to the prophets. They should not be overlooked.

Ah, Chapter 2! To finish this post and show another example of dark to light, I need to work from Chapter 2 to 4. I see 2:1 to 3:15 as being a unit because of “declares the Lord”, then 3:16 to 4:1 as a “dark” unit and “4:2 to 6 as a light unit. Did Isaiah do some editing and strategic planning? 2:1-5 is very much a “will be” section. Starting in verse 6 it sounds like Isaiah is talking to God about Israel. Notice the thought is “their” land. Verse 12 starts a repeated idea that is found in the rest of Isaiah and many other prophetic books – “The Day”. This “dark” section of 2:6 to 4:1 ends with the coming of the “Branch of the Lord”. 4:5 and 6 is the recreation of the Pillar of Cloud and Fire that covered Israel for forty years.

In the dark, right relations with God and man break down and it becomes a judicial matter for God.

When light comes so does proper judicial conduct and proper relationships with God and our fellow man. This is the righteousness that God wants.

Here is a study help. The “H” numbers are from the Strong’s Concordance.

Isaiah 1:26 Hebrew Text Analysis (biblehub.com)

Repeats and Upgrades

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Repeats and Upgrades is my second post from my study of righteousness, it comes from Isaiah. I choose to focus on Isaiah first because it has about eighty “right” references (NASB), Psalms and Proverbs have more and Romans has many also.

I feel it is important to know about Isaiah and the times he lived in. Isaiah’s visions came during the reigns of four kings (1:1) and was probably killed by the fifth one, Manasseh, by being sawed in two (Hebrews 13:37). Ahaz did not do right in the eyes of the Lord. From Uzziah to Isaiah 40 is about 43 years and it is approximately 59 years to the time of Manasseh. Hosea, Micah, and Amos also prophesied during his lifetime. His story is found in 2 Chronicles 26-32, and 2 Kings 15–20. I get the feeling at times that Isaiah edited his visions so they may not be chronological, but that is just me.

“Jesus verses” abound in Isaiah, but that will be a different post.

Something I noticed was the repeated translation of the English word “will”. Chapters 53-56 and 59-62 have “will” used many times. They will make an interesting study.

Repeats

The repeats I want to focus on are words and phrases. It may be an attention device, or it may be to bring a legal witness to the text. The idea of two witnesses is found in Deuteronomy 17:6 and 19:15. It is repeated in Matthew 18:16, 2 Corinthians 13:1, 1 Timothy 5:19, and Hebrews 10:28. Yes, in their courts two or more people were required to determine a fact, but in Genesis 15 God was His own witness in the covenant with Abram. It seems the repeats by the Lord bring righteous relationships into focus; both of the legal and personal nature.

The list will all be from Isaiah, so I will write just chapter and verse with the word or phrase. (I hope I get them all. I used the NASB so there may be different words in your translation.)

  • 24:16 I am finished! I am finished! Woe to me! I think this is Isaiah stating a complaint like Jeremiah and Habakkuk.  
  • 51 and 52, Awake, Awake – 51:9 A call for the arm of the Lord to be strong; 51:17 For Jerusalem, because they were drunk; 52:1 For Zion/Jerusalem to clothe themselves with strength.
  • 51:1,4,7 – Listen to me. 1. Those who pursue righteousness and seek the Lord. 4. His people and nation because His justice will be a light to the nations. 7. Those who know what is right and have His law in their hearts.
  • 51:5,6,8 –5. His righteousness is near and His salvation has gone out. 6. His salvation is eternal and His righteousness does not fail. 8. His righteousness is forever and His salvation is for all the ages.
  • 52:8 Shouts of joy or joyful shouts are commanded 14 times. (NASB translation)
  • 52:11 – depart, depart. To leave the “nations” and not touch unclean things. Levities are highlighted as those who carry the vessels of the Lord.
  • 55:1 Has four invitations to come and get things from the Lord without cost.
  • 55:2 listen, listen. It is a continuation of the offers from verse 1.
  • 57:14 Build up, build up. This is to prepare the road. It sounds like the work of John for Jesus and then Jesus for us to come to the Father. See 62:10.
  • 57:19 peace, peace. It is for those who are far and near, so the Lord can heal them. The work of Jesus.
  • 62:1 The Lord will not keep silent until righteousness and salvation shine out like dawn; for the sake of Zion and Jerusalem.
  • 62:10 Pass through, pass through; build up build up; like 57:14 it is a road.

Upgrades

  • 9:10 The people of the Northern Kingdom are proclaiming upgrades in defiance to God. Their bricks will be replaced with dressed stone and figs with cedars.
  • 41:18-20 Rivers, springs, and pools of water will be in places where they were not or in places to bring life there. Deserts and wastelands will be populated with desirable trees as a sign that the Lord has done this.
  • 60:17 Lesser metals will be replaced with more valuable ones. Peace will be their governor and righteousness their ruler.
  • 61:3 Instead of ashes on their heads there will be beautiful crowns. Oil will anoint the head and bring gladness instead of mourning. Torn garments of despair will be replaced with garments of praise. Verses 4 through 7 also have upgrades for the people.

Daughter Zion – Observations and Questions

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My study on Daughter Zion has pushed my “tent flaps” out and left me with a lot of questions because of my observations. This post is not going to answer many questions and there may not be a lot of question marks. To join me in this idea you have to know that I am trying to view this from the perspective of a holy righteous God.

Zion – This term has added several meanings since David captured the town he wanted to be his headquarters. It has grown to represent Jerusalem, the Hebrew people, and heaven itself. The town or at least the area is connected with Melchizedek, the priest of The Most High God that met Abraham with refreshments. The poetic nature of the prophets and our God has added the term Daughter of Jerusalem with it in several prophecies.

Daughter

The word daughter has been used hundreds of times in the Bible (NIV), especially in our Old Testament. The phrase “sons and daughters” makes up roughly half of those. Daughter Zion is used about thirty times (NIV). Daughter Jerusalem is used about six times; starting with Isaiah and going to Zachariah. Song of Solomon uses “daughters of Jerusalem” several times, but I think that is really a call to the women in the city.

This noun, this title, and the object of a father’s love have caused me to do a lot of reflection. To view Daughter Zion correctly you need to leave man’s emotions behind and see her through God’s eyes. The Father is very serious about His Daughter and has a plan for Her; unfortunately, She had other ideas.

Who/When – This will be very general.

  • David was the first to use the phrase, Daughter Zion.
  • God’s Girl next appears in Isaiah and Micah. The Assyrians are “messing” with His daughter, and She is losing focus.
  • Zephaniah is the next prophet to tell Her to sing (3:14). Assyria is the major enemy.
  • Jeremiah and his songs of Lamentations talk about Her many times. The Babylonians are the oppressors, but She has developed Her own problems.
  • Zechariah talks about Her three times. 9:9 is the last mention in the Old Testament, but Matthew and John repeat the promise in the New Testament.

Eve, Daughter Zion, Bride of the Lamb – Observations lead to questions, but answers require diligence and study. These three “women” came from a man and in Scripture are tied to him.

  • Eve came from Adam’s side and then the Father finished forming her.
  • Daughter Zion is a part of Israel that is associated with David.
  • The Bride of the Lamb is being formed because of the blood of Jesus. Why did I use Lamb and not Christ? Much to my surprise the “bride of Christ” is not in Scripture. Revelations 19:6-9 and 22:17 does have the Lamb getting married. This is a “mystery” but given the number of “marriage” parables Jesus used in explaining His Kingdom, it should not be a surprise.

Yes, I have questions from comparing these three “women” but more study is required. Eve and Daughter Zion were/are important, both made mistakes and also had promises given to them. O Church of Jesus, who will be the Bride of the Lamb, we do not want to make their mistakes.

General Observations about Daughter Zion

  1. She is associated with mounts, gates, walls, and other structures. So, on one level, She is a city.
  2. She starts off well.
  3. Micah and Jeremiah have Her in trouble with Babylon dragging Her away.
  4. Zechariah promises a comeback because the Messiah will return to Her.
  5. Daughter ________ is a term that has held some surprises. (See the first post.) Some enemies have been giving that term! With that said, I believe that Daughter Zion is a term of affection and shows the depth of love that the Father has for His daughter(s).

Your Turn – There was a Daughter Babylon, a Daughter Judah, a Daughter Jerusalem, and a Daughter Zion; why was there no daughter Samaria?

Daughter Zion Part 2

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In Part 2 of Daughter Zion, I am looking at important passages that refer to her. I will direct you to books of the Bible, and specific chapters, and highlight some verses that seem important.

The first mention of Zion in Scripture is 2 Samuel 5:7. This is part of the story about David taking the Jebusite town that would become his capital. From Genesis, this is the area where Melchizedek met Abraham as he returned from rescuing Lot. I will list some facts about Zion because every website stresses or says something different.

  • Zion may mean citadel or fortress.
  • It does refer to the small section of Jerusalem that was the City of David.
  • The term was expanded to mean all of Jerusalem.
  • It was extended further to include all of Judah and Israel.
  • Christians refer to it as the heavenly city.
  • Are any of these better than the others? No. Just realize that the term will change depending on who wrote the information.

Psalm 9:14 is the first use of Daughter Zion and Zechariah 9:9 is the last reference to her in the Old Testament. (Zechariah is quoted again twice in the New Testament.) Both verses tell us to praise and rejoice and refer to gates. Zechariah 9 is about the coming king (Jesus). It has much to say about Israel’s neighbors, which in Zechariah’s time were still causing problems with the rebuilding of the Temple and Jerusalem. Psalms 9 and 10 may have been acrostic and set to the tune “The Death of the Son”. Verse 7 of Psalm 9 is about the Lord reigning forever with righteousness and justice.

Micah 1:13 O thou inhabitant of Lachish, bind the chariot to the swift beast: she is the beginning of the sin to the daughter of Zion: for the transgressions of Israel were found in thee. (KJV)

Micah is a contemporary of Isaiah, Hosea, Amos, and Jonah. Their messages carry many of the same warnings and good promises, present and future. Micah 1 does not mince words about Samaria and Jerusalem, God is not pleased. It also talks about many places. I believe you need to look at the meanings of these names to make sense of this section. Lachish means “invincible”. It was a major fortified city in Judah, south of Jerusalem, and was attacked by Assyria and captured. The “chariots and fast horses” seem to refer to them needing to flee from Assyria. It was also a center for ironworking in Israel. I think that the iron-hard invincible attitude is the “beginning of sin” that God is talking about. It was the pavement for Jeroboam to make golden calves, select his own priest, and make Bethel a center of worship for the northern kingdom. Most of the mentions of Lachish in the Bible are in Joshua and Isaiah and are connected to war and fighting.

Micah 4 has three different aspects of Daughter Zion. 1. Verses 6-8 are positive because the Lord will rule from her, and things will be restored. 2. Verses 9-10 have her going to Babylon as a captive (this is more than 100 years before it happens). 3. Verses 11-13 where she will be an aggressor and break nations to pieces.

Daughter (of) Jerusalem – This is a good place to add her to the study. She appears in Micah and in other passages. She is often mentioned with Daughter Zion. It may be a way of emphasizing the same thing in a different way, but Hebrew literature will repeat itself for effect. In Micah 1:5 Jerusalem is singled out from Judah as a specific problem, so it could be the Spirit is alerting us to two different entities in the same country.

Lamentations 2 is a chapter that has many versions of “Daughter”. Jeremiah writes about Zion but also Daughter-Zion, Judah, Jerusalem, and Virgin Daughter Zion. A very important addition in this chapter is who is being lamented for. There are dwellings, strongholds, palaces, princes, kings, elders, my people, and children and infants. It also seems that the speaker changes several times in the chapter (which is normal). This chapter will need its own post as there is a lot of info in it.

I will end with Isaiah 66:8. It does not mention daughter but it is clear who it is speaking about and sounds like Micah 4.

Who hath heard such a thing? who hath seen such things? Shall the earth be made to bring forth in one day? or shall a nation be born at once? for as soon as Zion travailed, she brought forth her children. (KJV)

Please read Lamentation 2 and see if “the Church” and “the Bride of Christ” could be exchanged for the daughters in this chapter.

Daughter Zion

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Daughter Zion is a STUDY that has pushed my learning curve and I know this post is just the start. The translation you read will have different numbers of times the term, Daughter Zion is used and how it is worded. I use the NIV and it appears about thirty times. The KJV and others will use different phrases, at times, like maiden, young woman, young daughter, or unmarried woman. Yes, there are very specific words in Hebrew for daughter and virgin, but translators have a job to do, so check several sources. In the KJV in the New Testament Zion is spelled Sion in Matthew 21:5 and John 12:15; which is Zechariah 9:9 and refers to the last leg of Jesus’ final trip into Jerusalem.

Isaiah and Jeremiah/Lamentations use the term the most. It seems that David first coined the term in Psalm 9:14. Virgin Daughter Zion is the phrase that really pushed this study, the NIV uses it three times. I will give a few thoughts on both phrases as I believe they hold very different messages. I observed that the terms may mean actual women/girls, the city of Jerusalem, or the land of Judah/Israel. Yes, you need to read them in context because I am not sure that one “shoe fits all”. These phrases are also used for Jerusalem, Judah, Babylon, Edom, and Philistia. I have to wonder if poetic rhyme or some form of wordplay is at work with some of these passages.

Eve, Daughter Zion, the Bride of the Lamb – The first thing Christians need to do is lose the misogynous and misandrous mindsets and woke views that cloud our thinking as to how the Father sees His daughters, they are special and important. Eve was made for Adam using “prime rib”. (The Father defended Sarah when Abraham did not.) The devil has feared and hated the Daughters of Zion since God gave the promise of the Messiah to Eve. Eve was the completion of Adam that would populate the earth. Daughter Zion was how Israel would be filled. The Bride is how the earth will know the righteousness of the Father and the salvation that comes through Jesus.  Godly offspring is what the Father seeks-Malachi 2:15. These are the issues with the strange story in Genesis 6:1-4. “Sons of God” are historically the fallen angels polluting the human gene pool.

Virgin Daughter Zion – I will give my current thought on this phrase and hope that the Father will give me insight on it. This phrase is really only used twice-2 Kings 19:21 and Isaiah 37:22 both describe when the Assyrian king was sent away from Jerusalem, having never entered or defeated it, and Lamentations 2:13 is about Babylon having defeated and destroyed Jerusalem. (My verses and search are from the NIV.)

Two things cloud my thinking here. 1. 1 Kings 14:25 has Rehoboam and Jerusalem being defeated by Egypt, and 2 Chronicles 28 has Ahaz and Jerusalem losing to Israel and captives being taken. 2. Isaiah 47:1 refers to Babylon as a virgin daughter and queen city with a wound. Daniel has a story with the Medes and Persians about to take Babylon (the handwriting on the wall). My knowledge of this history is not that strong, so I do not know if any other nation actually breached the city of Babylon. There are five passages, in the NIV, that use the phrase “Daughter Babylon”.