Daughter – Bride Price Not Dowry

This Daughter post is part of a collection that I never thought I would make; God has a sense of humor and a lot of patience. I did not realize how long this one has been in my thinking and writing. “Bride price” is a term I found in Hebrew/Jewish marriage customs and it made sense and I started using it. Many English translations use the term dowry. I am not sure what the term meant in 1599 but by 1828 Webster shows the overlapping thinking about dowry. For my part I never could figure out why some used the term dowry for when the bride’s family paid for a young woman to be married and when a groom paid for the privilege to marry a woman.

The 1599 Geneva Bible and then the 1611 KJV uses the term dowry four times; I will point out who is paying who.

  • Genesis 30:20 – Leah is saying that Father God has given HER a present that she named Zebulun. Remember that Jacob worked for years (he paid) to marry Rachel. Genesis 31:14-16 adds to that thought when Leah and Rachel agree on something.
  • Genesis 34 – This is Hamor, father of Shechem, bargaining the price for Dinah. He offers to pay Jacob whatever he wants and give a gift.
  • Exodus 22:17 – If a man seduces a virgin, he must pay the ‘bride price’ (NIV) to the father.
  • 1 Samuel 18:25 – King Saul is asking David to pay 100 foreskins to marry his daughter.
  • Leah uses the word zê-ḇeḏ, which probably means gift. The other references use mō-har.

Why does this matter? Who paid for us to become the Bride of the Lamb? Did Father God pay with the life of Jesus or are we paying God to marry His Son? When Jesus rode into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday, He was going to pay the bride price.

Dowry – Wikipedia

Bride price – Wikipedia

Websters 1828 – Webster’s Dictionary 1828 – Dowry

Daughter As Cities and Countries

‘Daughter As Cities’ is part of the collection of Daughter Zion posts. This one has taken a while to start because every time I thought I was ready God dropped another ‘Muse Moment’ on me. So, no, this is not the last one in this collection, but I needed to start.

That is where I will begin, at the start with Eve. Yes, she is the ‘mother of all the living’, but she started out as a daughter of God. Her title/Divine calling travels through the pages of the Bible and into Revelation. I believe that cities and nations are referred to with feminine nouns (with respect) because they share in Eve’s calling; ‘mother of all living’. Scholars have a lot to say about cities and people groups and their development in our history. My very simple take on the subject is that they have allowed for sharing (many things) and have attracted bullies. With that said, think about Tree #2; the knowledge of good and evil.

In Genesis 4:17 we see Cain building a city that he names after his son, Enoch. After the Flood, mankind decided to build Babel in Genesis 11 and in Revelation 18, we see it being destroyed. (If John was using code and Babylon = Rome; that has happened when the Goths {Arian’s followers} trashed the city.) So, cities begin with man and The Great City comes down with God in the last days. FYI – Byblos has nothing to do with Babylon; it is a city north of Sidon in the Levant. Nimrod in Genesis 10:2 is also a city builder.

The Holy Spirit has John, A Sent One and Writer, highlight women and cities many times when he writes. John stresses Jesus’ love and continued care for Mary, His mother, and the role of the women at the tomb; they saw Him first at the Resurrection. 2 John uses the terms: chosen lady and chosen sister, normally understood to be churches (in cities). In Revelation 21:9, John is shown the “bride, the wife of the Lamb”. The opening of Revelation is to seven churches/angels that are referred to with the name of their city. I studied Sardis in Revelation 3; the angel has a masculine noun, church and Sardis are feminine, and the people have a neutral noun. John continues this Tale of Cities with:

  • Old Jerusalem – Chapter 11. Rome, Jerusalem, Constantinople, Athens, and Pisidian Antioch are all built on seven hills.
  • Babylon – Chapter 17 and 18.
  • New Jerusalem – Chapter 21. In Chapter 22 the Holy City is poleōs, which is a feminine noun.

Take a Muse Moment and consider trying to tell the Bible Story without referring to cities and people groups.

Some references:

The Day of the Lord

The Children of Jacob, the Seed of Abraham, had descended into a dark time when Amos quoted the people as they said, “The day of the Lord.” I will offer three things that put them into darkness: 1. They wanted a king or political ruler to be their leader. 2. Idols and other religions that led them away from the Lord. 3. Assyria.

Amos 5:18 Woe unto you that desire the day of the Lord! to what end is it for you? the day of the Lord is darkness, and not light. (KJV) To set this in proper context, start reading at 2:4 and go to 5:17. This was not just to Israel/Mt. Samaria, but also to Judah/Mt. Zion; the Father was not happy with the people. Yes, some were trying to follow God and there had been some good kings in Judah; but as you read 2 Kings and 2 Chronicles with Amos, Hosea, Isaiah, Micah, Joel, Obadiah, and Nahum things were not right. (Jonah is about him and Nineveh.)

Because of the timestamps (kings), I put Amos leading the parade of this impressive troop of prophets who spoke to Judah and Israel (all of Jacob’s children). Assyria was the storm cloud over the Fertile Cresent, and all would suffer in its shade. In Amos’ day the North was still several kings away from total deportation; that actually happened in two separate storms. Judah was not spared the wrath of Assyria’s hail of arrows, and all of its fortified cities would fall and a deportation of Judah also took place. (Only Jerusalem was spared.)

I mention these to show that prophecy can have multiple levels in its massa. Amos was speaking to several events, but I have read commentaries that make it sound like the fall of Jerusalem was the ‘day’.

The transliteration “the day of the Lord” appears in Amos, Isaiah, Obadiah, and Joel. “The day” is used more often and you have to think it is the same ‘day’. This ‘day’ even appears in Revelation. There are many references to “the day” and most are negative and speak of judgment. I will point to Isaiah 61:2b the “day of vengeance of our God” as being a good reference point. In doing that I have to again point out that the vengeance is overshadowed by the “year of the Lord’s favor”. BOTH will happen.

Again, it needs to pointed out that another parade of prophets used the same message as Babylon overpowered the Levant and its reign rained misery on many, especially Judah. The multiple judgments of Babylon are mentioned in Isaiah 46 and 47, and the rise of Cyrus, the Persian, is foretold in Isaiah 44 and 45.

Given that Amos was at the head of the parade, who was he writing to in 5:18 and what were they expecting?

  • Israel – a triumph over Judah and the collapse of Assyria
  • Judah – victory over Israel and the enemies in the first part of Amos
  • The Ones Who Hoped, that a Messianic figure would arise as in Psalm 110, unite the two kingdoms and rule the nations.

Hezekiah did bring some back to the Lord by opening up a Passover celebration to all of Jacob. Unfortunately, his son Manasseh, the evil, plunged Judah back into idolatry, Assyria, and laid the ground work for the fall of Jerusalem. Josiah did bring the Light back, but his kids doused that wick and sealed ‘the day of the Lord’ for the city.

Amos 5:18 Hebrew Text Analysis

Long for Hebrew Concordance: ham·miṯ·’aw·wîm — 2 Occurrences ‘Long for’ in Nu 11:34 is lust for other foods than the manna from the Lord.

The Bible and Science – Cud to Curd

So there are no soured expectation later, I am not going in to the processes of milk formation or cheese production; this is a by-product of the post – Ruminants.

Leviticus and Deuteronomy refer to animals that chew the cud and have split hooves. This was a way for the Children to determine if they should eat them; camels and rabbits chew cud but do not have split hooves. Sheep, goats, cows, and the deer-family do meet those qualifications and they have a stomach and digestive process that needs for them to rechew their food (cud). It seems that they lack the ability to produce certain enzymes.

This process starts with the animal consuming a large amount of roughage or plants. The first chew breaks the plants down, some, and adds ‘juices’ to it as it rests in an upper part of the stomach. Later, this juicy mix is pushed back up the esophagus into the mouth. There it is squeezed and the liquid is swallowed and the ruminant chews the cud.

I remember as a city-boy going to my uncle’s farm and seeing cows chewing something even when there were no plants or feed around. I asked how they were eating and I was told they were chewing the cud. That went right over my head, but I had an answer.

As the animal chews it again, the plant material is broken down more so that bacteria in the stomach have more area to work. When it is small enough, it passes into other sections of the stomach and small intestines where fatty acids and other nutrients are removed for the animal to use in bodily processes.

There were two things that I found interesting that can have a negative impact on this process:

  • Eating food that does not have enough fiber in it. Too little fibrous material can shut the process down and could lead to death.
  • Tannins are a chemical in the plants. To much of this can be toxic to the animal.

Now to the cruds. Cottage cheese is an example of curds; the stuff Little Miss Muffet ate with her whey. They are a step in the making of cheese. To help milk form into curds a chemical called rennet is added; this is found in the stomach of young cows. The young animal would give their all for the cheese making process;{

Cheese and milk are mentioned in the Bible. Remember, the Land flowed with milk and honey, which speaks to it being blessed. Cheese is the reason David got to go see Goliath, 1 Samuel 17. Jael, Judges 4, gave Sisera milk from a skin, that milk may have been curdling because they did not have refrigeration.

Paul, Peter, and the Book of Hebrews all talk about milk and compare it with food for our Christian growth.

Dear fellow SHEEP of the Flock of Jesus, I will synch this with the Ruminants post. Jesus is leading us to green pastures and quiet waters, but we still need to pay attention to what we consume. Milk is fine and needed, but at some point, we need to start eating ‘solid food’. If we don’t ‘eat’ teachings that cause us to rechew them we may lose the ability to digest ‘massa’ for our growth.

Tannins DO NOT taste nice and can be toxic; think tannic acid for curing leather. The Children of Jacob, the heirs of Abraham, were fed tannins from the time of Solomon to Jeremiah, some ate, some did not. In the writing of Amos and Isaiah the religious and political leaders are called out for their toxic ways, Isaiah 32:6 and many other verses. Under the shadow of Assyria many stayed with idols, looked to Egypt for help, and even tried to make peace with the ‘great king’ of Assyria, and then shuttered when ‘he’ came to crush them. The Father called them out for chewing on these toxins for many years and offered them hope if they would only bring ‘words with them’ when they came to repent.    

Our time in history is just as bad. Political leaders are mispresenting the Father and Jesus; be careful what you eat and then decide to rechew.